BUSINESS
THIS PROSPECTUS CONTAINS CERTAIN FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
WITHIN THE
MEANING OF THE FEDERAL SECURITIES LAWS. ACTUAL RESULTS AND THE
TIMING OF CERTAIN
EVENTS COULD DIFFER MATERIALLY FROM THOSE PROJECTED IN
THE FORWARD-LOOKING
STATEMENTS DUE TO A NUMBER OF FACTORS, INCLUDING
THOSE SET FORTH UNDER "RISK
FACTORS" AND ELSEWHERE IN THIS PROSPECTUS.
THE COMPANY
The Company believes The North Face-Registered Trademark- is the
world's
premier brand of high-performance outdoor apparel and equipment.
The Company
designs and distributes technically sophisticated outerwear,
skiwear, functional
sportswear, tents, sleeping bags and backpacks,
all under The North
Face-Registered Trademark- name.
The North Face has developed a superior reputation for quality,
performance
and authenticity by providing technically advanced
products capable of
withstanding the most extreme conditions. For
nearly 30 years, the Company's
outdoor apparel and equipment have been the
brand of choice for numerous high
altitude and polar expeditions.
These products are used extensively by
world-class climbers, explorers
and extreme skiers, whose lives depend on the
performance of their apparel
and equipment. To maintain and further enhance this
unique legacy, the
Company continuously develops and introduces innovative
products that are
functional, technically superior and designed to set the
industry
standard in each product category. The Company cultivates its extreme
image
through its targeted marketing efforts and its teams of
world-class
climbers, explorers and skiers.
To protect the integrity of The North Face-Registered Trademark-
brand and
ensure a high level of customer service and education, the
Company limits the
distribution of its products to a select number of
specialty retailers. The
Company sells its products to over 1,500 wholesale
customers representing more
than 2,000 store fronts throughout the United
States, Europe and Canada. The
Company also owns and operates nine retail
and two outlet stores in the United
States.
INDUSTRY OVERVIEW
Technical outdoor apparel and equipment historically have
been used
primarily by professional climbers and serious outdoor
enthusiasts. In recent
years, these products have become increasingly
popular among a broader group of
consumers. The Company believes that this
growth has been the result primarily
of (i) an increase in outdoor
recreational activities by the general population,
(ii) a growing
demand for highly functional products, (iii) a growing acceptance
of
outdoor apparel as casual wear and (iv) an increase in the
technical
sophistication of products in this field.
The trend towards more active outdoor lifestyles is
demonstrated by
increased participation in a variety of outdoor
activities such as camping,
hiking and backpacking. According to The
Outdoor Recreation Coalition of
America, from 1993 to 1994 the number
of people who participated in rock
climbing increased 32%, while
participation in mountain biking increased 20% and
backpacking increased
11%. In addition, outdoor or rugged apparel has been
increasingly worn
as casual clothing even by individuals who do not participate
in outdoor
activities or require the functionality of a
high-performance
product. Casual wear in general also has become
increasingly popular,
particularly in the workplace as evidenced by the
dramatic increase in "casual
days."
The Company believes that consumers recently have demonstrated an
increasing
preference for functional, performance-oriented products.
Purchase decisions
often are driven as much by a desire to create a
particular perception of
themselves as healthy and active as by an
actual need for these products. An
example of this trend is the growing
popularity of sport utility vehicles which
have become one of the
fastest growing segments of the automotive industry
despite the fact
that most owners of such vehicles never venture off paved
streets.
Finally, over the last decade, there have been
significant
technological advances in materials and features that have
increased product
functionality and performance. The number of products
and product segments has
increased dramatically as marketers target
specific
28
functions and uses to particular user groups. For example, in the
footwear
industry, there has been a proliferation of new products
designed to suit a
greater variety of activities and conditions. See
"Risk Factors -- Changing
Consumer Preferences."
BUSINESS STRATEGY
The North Face's goal is to design and market the most
recognized and
respected brand of high-performance, technically-oriented
outerwear, skiwear,
outdoor equipment and functional sportswear in the
world. Each element of the
Company's strategy is intended to enhance and
reinforce the global brand image
of The North Face-Registered Trademark-
among both consumers and retailers. Key
elements of the strategy are to:
OFFER TECHNICALLY SUPERIOR PRODUCTS. The North Face is
committed to
offering technically superior products that are functional,
reliable and durable
and that set the industry standard in each product
category. Many of the
Company's existing product lines feature technically
superior, high-performance
products designed to be used in remote,
mountainous or polar environments and to
withstand the harshest
conditions. To reinforce The North Face-Registered
Trademark- image of
quality and reliability, the Company's products carry a
lifetime
warranty. The Company believes that this standard of
excellence
cultivates, for the entire range of The North
Face-Registered Trademark-
products, a technical, extreme and authentic
image that also appeals to the more
casual outdoor enthusiast seeking
functional, high-performance products.
DESIGN INNOVATIVE PRODUCTS. The North Face is committed to
maintaining a
premier position in the outdoor apparel and equipment
industries by remaining on
the leading edge of product design and materials
technology. More than 85% of
the products currently offered by The North
Face are new products or have been
updated since 1993. In designing and
developing new product styles and features,
the Company's teams of
world-class climbers, explorers and extreme skiers
contribute design
ideas and test new products. The Company also works closely
with suppliers
to develop high-performance materials that result in lighter,
stronger
and more efficient products, and frequently obtains from
these
suppliers first and/or exclusive rights to use the new materials for
a certain
period of time.
PROMOTE ITS EXTREME BRAND IMAGE. The Company devotes significant
resources
to strengthening The North Face-Registered Trademark- brand by
projecting a
technical, extreme and authentic image that appeals to
professionals and serious
outdoor athletes as well as to broader segments
of the population. The North
Face believes that the product choices of
professionals and serious outdoor
athletes create greater product
visibility and influence general consumer
preferences. The Company
provides equipment and outerwear for expeditions and
other high profile
outdoor activities and promotes The North Face's products
through its teams
of world-class climbers, explorers and extreme skiers.
FOCUS ON SELECTIVE DISTRIBUTION. To protect the integrity of
The North
Face-Registered Trademark- brand and promote a high level of
customer service,
the Company limits the distribution of its products
to a select group of
specialty mountaineering, backpacking and ski
retailers, large specialty outdoor
retail chain stores and selected general
sporting goods retailers. The Company's
wholesale customers typically sell
high quality, technically-oriented products
that are consistent with the
Company's standards and have well trained sales
personnel capable of
providing superior customer service and technical guidance.
Through
selective distribution, The North Face believes it increases
brand
loyalty and encourages its wholesale customers to carry a broader
array of its
products.
INTRODUCE SUMMIT SHOPS. The North Face recently developed Summit
Shops,
year-round concept shops dedicated to The North Face-Registered
Trademark-
products and to be primarily located within certain of the
Company's wholesale
customers. Summit Shops are designed to increase
the Company's sales in
specialty retailers by broadening The North
Face-Registered Trademark- product
offerings, improving merchandising and
building brand awareness. The North Face
will design and install Summit
Shops and provide its specialty retailers with
merchandising and training
support. The Company believes that Summit Shops will
provide specialty
retailers with an opportunity to increase sales of The North
Face-Registered
Trademark- products without devoting substantial additional
resources.
By establishing operating guidelines for the Summit Shops, the
Company
will promote high levels of service and a broad product selection,
while
minimizing its investment and operational commitment.
29
SELECTIVELY OPERATE RETAIL STORES. To complement its wholesale
distribution
strategy and to increase brand awareness in selected markets,
The North Face
currently operates nine retail stores. These stores
enable the Company to
display the full line of The North Face-Registered
Trademark- products, obtain
feedback from customers, closely monitor the
retail sell-through of its products
and obtain consumer information. The
North Face does not plan to open additional
retail stores due to the
recent development of its Summit Shops, which it
expects will provide
many of the advantages of Company-operated retail stores,
with a higher
return on investment.
GROWTH STRATEGY
The Company's growth strategy is to continue to build on the strong
consumer
awareness and technical reputation of The North
Face-Registered Trademark-
brand. While professionals and serious
outdoor enthusiasts will remain a
critical part of the Company's
consumer base, The North Face believes that it
will continue to benefit
from increasingly active consumer lifestyles and what
it identifies as a
growing preference for functional, high-performance outdoor
apparel and
equipment. Key elements of the Company's growth strategy are to:
INTRODUCE NEW PRODUCTS AND COMPLEMENTARY PRODUCT CATEGORIES. The
Company
intends to take advantage of the strength of The North
Face-Registered
Trademark- brand by continuing to introduce new products
within existing product
categories and by adding complementary product
categories. The Company
introduces innovative new products within
existing categories and extends core
product lines by creating new "families"
of products around existing products, a
strategy which has been effective
both in launching the new products and
increasing the sales of the
core products. In addition, although the Company's
products historically
have been concentrated primarily in premium price product
categories, the
Company intends to continue to introduce products in more
moderate
price-point segments, so as to access a broader consumer
base.
Consistent with The North Face-Registered Trademark- image, however,
the Company
ensures that these products offer the highest performance and
function in their
category. Finally, the Company intends to introduce
additional new product
categories, such as its recently introduced lines of
windwear, day packs, gloves
and underwear.
ROLL OUT SUMMIT SHOPS. The Company recently developed the
concept of
"Summit Shops" to promote The North Face-Registered
Trademark- brand and
increase sales at specialty retailers. The Company
intends to open Summit Shops
in a controlled manner, selecting specialty
retailers willing to make a
substantial commitment to the concept by
dedicating sufficient selling space and
financial and operating resources.
The Company anticipates initially opening
Summit Shops primarily in large
specialty outdoor retail chains and in selected
larger, outdoor specialty
stores, and may consider other high-end retail
formats. The Company
expects to open its first Summit Shop in late Summer 1996
and anticipates
that approximately 25 Summit Shops will open throughout the
United States
by the end of 1996.
PROMOTE TEKWARE AS A HIGH-PERFORMANCE ALTERNATIVE TO
SPORTSWEAR. The
Company intends to broaden the distribution and increase
its product offerings
of Tekware, an innovative new line of high-performance,
functional clothing made
from a new generation of synthetic fabrics. Tekware
generally maintains the look
and feel of cotton, while offering
significant functional and performance
advantages over cotton, such as its
quick-drying, abrasion- and shrink-resistant
properties. Management expects
Tekware to change the way consumers think about
casual clothing for active
outdoor use and to provide the Company with a
competitive advantage in
the sportswear market. The Company believes that the
initial response from
its wholesale customers to Tekware, which was introduced
for Spring 1996,
has been positive.
PURSUE INTERNATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES. The North Face intends to
pursue sales
in international markets while selectively increasing its
distribution in the
United States. The Company believes that many of the
same lifestyle and consumer
trends that have benefited the Company in the
U.S. are increasingly affecting
international markets, particularly in
Europe and Canada. The North Face has
established regional headquarters
in Europe and Canada, and recently combined
its domestic and
international
30
product development, sourcing and marketing functions to improve
efficiencies
and develop an integrated effort designed to increase its
global focus. The
Company anticipates that its international sales
will benefit both from
expanding the distribution of its products and
the increased awareness of The
North Face-Registered Trademark- brand. The
Company anticipates that Europe and
Canada will provide the most
significant near-term opportunities but also will
selectively pursue new
markets in Asia.
PRODUCTS
The North Face offers a broad range of
high-performance,
technically-oriented outerwear, skiwear, outdoor equipment
and Tekware designed
for extreme applications, such as high altitude
mountaineering, ice climbing,
rock climbing, backpacking, skiing and
snowboarding. The Company characterizes
its apparel-related products as
"equipment for the body." As a result of the
experience gained through
nearly 30 years as the brand of choice for many of the
world's most
challenging high altitude and polar expeditions, The
North
Face-Registered Trademark- has achieved a unique level of
authenticity. The
North Face-Registered Trademark- products are original
designs and carry a
lifetime warranty for the original owner against
defects in materials and
workmanship. In 1995, sales of outerwear,
equipment, skiwear and other products
represented approximately 50%, 25%, 14%
and 11%, respectively, of net sales.
The Company's goal is to offer the most technically advanced products
in its
field and to establish the industry standard in each product
category. The
Company designs its premium products for extreme
applications, such as high
altitude mountaineering, ice climbing and polar
expeditions, which it believes
represents only a small fraction of its
potential customers. These premium
products serve to reinforce The North
Face-Registered Trademark- brand image
while appealing to non-extreme
users. The Company also strives to offer products
at more moderate
price-points that remain "best of class" by incorporating many
of the
features, materials and technology used in its leading edge designs.
The
Company believes that this product design philosophy enhances
The North
Face-Registered Trademark- brand while appealing to the broader
consumer market.
See "Risk Factors -- Dependence on New Products."
OUTERWEAR
The Company's outerwear is engineered to provide protection in cold,
wet and
windy conditions and to accommodate the range of motion required
for the most
extreme activities. It is designed to adapt to
varying conditions and
situations, taking into account the unpredictability
of the weather and the fact
that some outdoor activities alternate between
periods of extreme exertion and
total rest, requiring a proper balance
between ventilation and insulation. Each
year, the Company enhances its
outerwear lines by adding new products and design
innovations. Overall, the
Company has introduced 65 new outerwear products in
1996, including two
entirely new collections, "Search and Rescue-TM-" and
"Remote Terrain
Gear." Among the exclusive features being introduced this year
are
ergonomic swivel hoods, ten-piece articulated sleeves and
multi-position
double slider underarm zippers. The Company now offers four
principal lines of
outerwear and a line of Technical Apparel
Accessories.
EXPEDITION SYSTEM-REGISTERED TRADEMARK- is an advanced,
integrated cold
weather clothing system in which several pieces
(including full body suits,
pants, jackets, vests, anoraks and
accessories) work together in layers to
create warmth, protection and
safety. Since 1994, the Company has significantly
expanded the Expedition
System-Registered Trademark- product line by creating
new families of
products around existing products, such as the Mountain Light
and Denali
fleece families, adding new product segments, such as the Himalayan
and
Kichatna Series, significantly upgrading and restyling existing
products,
such as the Nuptse Series, and adding products specifically
designed for women.
WEATHER SYSTEMS is a collection of four distinct series of
outerwear
designed to provide protection in wet and windy conditions,
while maintaining
comfort throughout variations of season, temperature,
moisture and wind, and
over a wide range of activities. For example,
the Hydrenaline-TM- Series,
introduced in 1994, is a technically advanced
line of shell outerwear based on a
proprietary microfiber fabric,
Hydrenaline-TM-, that combines features of
breathability and water
resistance and is ideal for hiking, running, mountain
biking, cross
country skiing and other aerobic outdoor activities.
31
SEARCH AND RESCUE-TM- introduced a new concept to the outdoor industry.
This
collection of one piece suits, shells and fleece is designed to
support and
protect mountain search and rescue teams in extreme weather
conditions. Although
intended for search and rescue experts, several pieces
within the collection are
expected to appeal to consumers who desire its
protective attributes for less
extreme outdoor activities.
REMOTE TERRAIN GEAR ("RTG") was created for backcountry
snowboarding and
combines elements of the Company's Expedition System with
unique snowboarding
features to create products such as pants that
are cut in the seated
snowboarding position. Unlike most snowboarding
clothing which caters to the
fashion tastes of snowboarders, the highly
functional RTG is expected to appeal
to a performance-oriented snowboarding
market.
TECHNICAL APPAREL ACCESSORIES includes a wide range of
high-performance
thermal underwear, head wear, gloves and mittens
which have been tested
extensively throughout the world in extreme
conditions. This collection has been
expanded significantly in 1996 with the
introduction of nine new products.
TEKWARE-TM-
In 1996, The North Face entered the broader casual apparel market
with its
introduction of Tekware-TM-, an innovative line of
high-performance outdoor
apparel made from a new generation of synthetic
fabrics and developed in
collaboration with E.I. DuPont de Nemours &
Co. ("DuPont") and other companies.
Tekware is offered in three lines,
Climbing, Training and Trekking, each with
versions for men and women.
Each line features a broad collection of pants,
shorts, shirts, pullovers,
vests, tank tops and tights, each in several styles.
Tekware is designed
for serious outdoor pursuits and is especially functional
for everyday use.
Overall, the Company introduced 67 Tekware products for Spring
1996 and an
additional 44 Tekware products for Fall 1996.
ADVANTAGES OF TEKWARE-TM- OVER COTTON CLOTHING
FEATURES TEKWARE COTTON
-
----------------------------------------- --------- ---------
Quick
Drying............................. X
Abrasion
Resistant....................... X
Shrink
Resistant......................... X
Tear
Resistant........................... X
Fade
Resistant........................... X
Tekware has garnered positive publicity from the press. Explaining
why they
selected Tekware for their prestigious "Editors' Choice" award,
the editors of
BACKPACKER magazine wrote in the April 1996 issue: "We're not
big fans of cotton
clothes for backcountry duty. Once wet, cotton takes
forever to dry and in the
process it sucks away precious body warmth.
Hypothermia is a real concern when
you wear jeans or a cotton T-shirt in the
wilderness, and that's why some wise
woodsperson coined the phrase,
'cotton kills.' Naturally, when The North Face
touted its new Tekware
clothing line as '100% Not Cotton,' it grabbed our
attention. During
our field tests we found that when nasty weather or hard
hiking soaks
you, these non-absorbent, synthetic shirts and pants keep you warm
while
your body heat quickly dries the fabric. . . . These sensible clothes
are
built for the backcountry but won't make you look or feel like a trail
bum when
you hit town."
Tekware provides an effective complement to the Company's other
product
offerings and will be prominently featured in the Summit Shops.
The Company
believes Tekware will be very appealing to wholesale customers
and will increase
the amount of selling space devoted to The North
Face-Registered Trademark-
products. The Company believes Tekware's broad,
year-round product line and
consistent new product introductions will
help create sustained consumer
interest in The North Face-Registered
Trademark- brand. In addition, unlike some
of
32
the Company's other product categories, Tekware has the potential to
become a
repeat or "replenishment" business as consumers purchase new
sportswear to
complement or replenish their existing wardrobes. See
"Risk Factors --
Introduction and Acceptance of Tekware-TM-."
EQUIPMENT
Equipment is critical to The North Face-Registered Trademark-
image and
reputation and plays an extremely important role in its
research and
development, field testing and marketing activities. The
Company offers three
comprehensive lines of technical outdoor equipment:
tents, sleeping bags and
backpacks. The Company has increased its equipment
sales over the last two years
by introducing new products and refining
existing products. The Company
introduced 65 new equipment products in
1996.
TENTS. The North Face is regarded as the premier supplier of
expedition
tents built to withstand extreme weather conditions. The North
Face currently
offers an extensive line of 23 tent models, designed to suit
a wide variety of
weather conditions and applications. The North Face offers
12 expedition-quality
tents, including models such as the VE-25, long
renowned as the world's finest
base camp tent, and the Mountain-24, rated by
CLIMBING MAGAZINE in 1995 as the
best two-person expedition tent. The
Company's best selling tents are its
three-season and recreational tents
that also offer superior features and are
used by a wide range of consumers
for backpacking and camping.
SLEEPING BAGS. The Company offers 27 models of sleeping
bags for
mountaineering and backpacking that differ in insulations, shell
fabrics and
linings. The Company offers 13 models in the goose down line
and 14 models in
its synthetic insulated line of sleeping bags to provide
comfort in temperatures
ranging from -40 DEG.F to 30 DEG.F. During the
last two years, the Company
introduced several innovations in fabrics,
insulation and construction of both
its goose down and synthetic
insulated lines. For Fall 1996, the Company
introduced synthetic
sleeping bags made from Polarguard 3D, a high-performance
product developed
by Hoechst Corporation ("Hoechst"), in close collaboration
with The North
Face.
BACKPACKS. The North Face offers a comprehensive line of backpacks
grouped
into three categories: (i) large volume, internal frame packs
for extended
backcountry trips; (ii) "tech packs" for sport specific
activities and (iii) day
packs. The large volume, internal frame pack
category consists of three
different lines based on differing load
carrying efficiencies. These packs are
made in a range of torso lengths
and in sizes to fit both men and women. The
"tech pack" line consists of 11
models of sport specific packs designed by The
North Face teams of
climbers, explorers and extreme skiers for specific
activities, such
as high altitude climbing, ice climbing, rock climbing,
backcountry
skiing and snowboarding. During the last year, the Company
has
introduced new lines of daypacks, lumbar packs and cargo bags
providing an
opportunity for a wide audience of hikers, students and the
general public to
own a The North Face-Registered Trademark- product at a
more moderate price. In
1996, the Company introduced 33 new products in
the categories of backpacks,
"tech packs," day packs, cargo bags and pack
accessories.
SKIWEAR
The Company offers skiwear designed for extreme skiing in remote
areas.
While the Company's skiwear is designed for extreme users, it
has become
increasingly popular among recreational skiers. The North
Face-Registered
Trademark- skiwear products include parkas, jackets,
anoraks, ski pants, ski
suits, gloves and other accessories. The Company's
six skiwear collections --
Heli, Steep Tech-Registered Trademark-,
Men's Extreme-Registered Trademark-
Gear, Women's Extreme-Registered
Trademark- Gear, Men's Extreme-Registered
Trademark- Light and Women's
Extreme-Registered Trademark- Light -- have been
designed for specific
applications, including helicopter skiing and backcountry
skiing. The
Company's skiwear offers highly technical features for optimal
weather
protection, maximum freedom of movement and appropriate
ventilation,
including the use of tough, abrasion-resistant fabrics, such as
Kevlar, that are
strategically overlaid or inset for added protection in
areas of excessive wear
and tear, such as shoulders and elbows. The
Company's skiwear collections are
reviewed annually and are redesigned,
as appropriate, to add innovative
features. In 1996, the Company
introduced 56 new skiwear garment products and 15
new skiwear accessory
products.
33
PRODUCT DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT
The Company's goal is to offer the most technically advanced products
in the
world that establish the industry standard in each of the
Company's product
categories. To remain on the leading edge of product
design and materials
technology, the Company continually eval!uates
trends, monitors the needs and
desires of its consumers and works with
its materials suppliers to develop new
materials and products and enhance
product designs. See "Risk Factors --
Dependence on Key Suppliers of
Materials" and "-- Dependence on New Products."
The Company regularly
reviews its product lines and actively seeks input from a
variety of
sources. At the forefront of the product development effort is
a
15-member product development team, which includes experts in
textiles and
design engineering. This team, which is responsible for
overseeing testing of
designs and introducing new outerwear, outdoor
equipment, skiwear and Tekware,
is organized along major product lines, each
with a product manager. The product
development team works with staff
designers and also with outside contract
designers. The Company's teams
of climbers, explorers and extreme skiers also
are important components of
the Company's product design and development effort.
The product development cycle, from initial design to introduction,
can take
from 12 to 18 months, with tents and backpacks requiring more
time than other
products. A new product may be produced in several
prototypes before being
submitted for testing. New designs are tested
by the Company's teams of
climbers, explorers and extreme skiers and
by in-house and independent
laboratories, as well as by The North Face
personnel. The Company maintains a
materials testing laboratory with
equipment to execute a variety of tests,
including water resistance,
air permeability, tear strength and abrasion
resistance.
The Company's products are designed with materials that are
essential to
their technical performance. Most of these materials
are developed in
collaboration with major suppliers, such as W.L. Gore
& Associates, Inc.,
DuPont, Hoechst, Burlington Industries, Inc. and
Mitsui Textiles. The Company
works closely with these suppliers to develop
high-performance materials that
result in lighter, stronger and more
efficient products. With an innovative
material, the Company generally
seeks an exclusivity period, usually one to two
years, after which the
supplier is free to make the material generally
available. These
suppliers frequently provide much of the funding for research
and
development of the materials they are developing for the Company, and
often
contribute to the costs of promoting products incorporating their
material. See
"Risk Factors -- Dependence on Key Suppliers of
Materials."
MARKETING AND PROMOTION
The Company's goal is to increase brand awareness by projecting a
technical,
extreme and authentic image that appeals to professionals and
serious outdoor
enthusiasts as well as to broader segments of the
population. The Company
conveys an extreme and highly technical image by
featuring world-class climbers,
explorers, skiers and snowboarders using
the Company's products on high
altitude, polar or backcountry
expeditions. The North Face's marketing materials
utilize language and
images that, while directed to the extreme athlete, also
create an
emotional connection with broader segments of the population.
Management believes that The North Face has obtained a high level
of brand
awareness and loyalty from the extreme users of its products.
In order to
bolster the loyalty of these individuals and to further
enhance its extreme
image, the Company is increasing its support of selected
high altitude and polar
expeditions and its teams of climbers,
explorers and skiers. The North
Face-Registered Trademark- products
have been the brand choice of many of the
world's most challenging
expeditions for nearly 30 years. A small sampling of
these expeditions
includes the 1969 Arctic Institute of North America Altitude
Expedition;
1978 American Woman's Himalayan Expedition; 1987 International
K-2
Expedition; 1989 Trans-Antarctica Expedition; 1992 American
Gasherbrum IV
Expedition; 1994 Sagmartha Environmental Expedition;
and the 1995
Ak-Su Kyrgyzstan Expeditions.
Recognizing that the product choices of professional athletes
influence
consumer preferences, The North Face employs and/or has entered
into contracts
with several world-class professional climbers, including
Conrad Anker, Kitty
Calhoun-Grissom, Greg Child, Lynn Hill, Alex Lowe
and Jay Smith; extreme
34
skiers Scot Schmidt and Rob and Eric DesLauriers; and backcountry
snowboarders
Jim and Bonnie Zellers. These athletes are essential to the
Company's product
design and testing. In addition, they participate in
promotional activities on
behalf of the Company, including demonstrations and
appearances at exhibitions,
trade shows, retailer clinics and promotional
events, and appear in photos to
promote the Company in catalogs,
advertisements, posters and videos. The Company
has entered into
relationships with the Professional Ski Instructors of America
and with the
National Ski Patrol pursuant to which each of these organizations
endorses
the Company's skiwear.
In 1994, The North Face began an ongoing comprehensive consumer
advertising
campaign in outdoor and ski publications. The Company's
advertisements appear in
magazines such as OUTSIDE, CLIMBING MAGAZINE,
BACKPACKER and POWDER. The Company
also has received editorial coverage
in a wide range of general interest
publications, including VOGUE, ELLE,
ESQUIRE, GQ and THE NEW YORK TIMES. The
Company provides a wide
assortment of point of purchase advertising support to
retailers, including
catalogs, descriptive product hang tags and visual aids.
Many of these
point of purchase marketing tools will be integrated into the
Company's
newly developed Summit Shops. The Company also promotes sales
by
operating sizable product displays at three industry trade shows, two of
which
are held in the Spring and one in the Fall of each year. In the
year ended
December 31, 1995, the Company incurred expenditures for
advertising and
promotional activities which were approximately 4% of net
sales.
SELECTIVE DISTRIBUTION
To preserve the integrity of The North Face-Registered Trademark-
image and
reputation, the Company currently limits its distribution to
retailers that
market products that are consistent with the Company's
technical standards and
that provide a high level of customer service
and technical expertise. The
Company currently sells its products to
a select group of specialty
mountaineering, backpacking and skiing
retailers, premium sporting goods
retailers and major outdoor specialty
retail chains. The Company does not sell
its products to national general
sporting goods chains or to discount stores.
The Company sells its
products in the United States to approximately 840
wholesale
customers, representing an estimated 1,100 store fronts. In Canada,
the
Company sells its products to approximately 200 wholesale
customers,
representing an estimated 240 store fronts, and in
Europe, it sells to
approximately 460 wholesale customers, representing
an estimated 700 store
fronts. Major customers of the Company include
Recreational Equipment Inc.
("REI") and Eastern Mountain Sports, Inc.
("EMS"). No single customer accounted
for more than 6% of net sales in
1995.
While The North Face will continue to add selected wholesale
customers, it
anticipates focusing primarily on increasing sales at
existing wholesale
customers. To accomplish this, the Company recently
developed Summit Shops and
established a new core inventory replenishment
program. The Company believes
that Summit Shops will increase sales by
increasing selling space devoted to,
and improving the merchandising
of, The North Face-Registered Trademark-
products. See "Risk Factors
-- Implementation of Summit Shop Strategy." The
Company believes the new
core inventory replenishment program, which inventories
certain popular core
products for quick reorder delivery, will enable it to
provide consistent
product flow to both the Summit Shops and its other wholesale
customers. The
North Face expects the new core inventory replenishment program
to increase
the sales of its strongest selling items by increasing the Company's
ability
to meet strong reorder demand.
The Company's products are sold in the United States, Canada and
Europe to
wholesale customers by independent sales representatives. Sales
representatives
conduct in-store clinics to educate sales personnel on the
technical qualities
and uses of the Company's products, provide customer
support, review each retail
account on a periodic basis and assist the
Company in forecasting levels of
product needs. Sales representatives in the
United States, Canada and Europe are
paid on a commission basis. Sales
representatives in the United States sell The
North Face-Registered
Trademark- products exclusively.
The Company maintains a specialty retailer and customer service
department
to handle orders and consumer inquiries, as well as a warranty
department to
handle the repair or replacement of defective or damaged
merchandise. All of the
Company's products (other than those
sold through the Company's
35
outlet stores) are covered by a lifetime warranty. Defective or damaged
products
returned to the Company generally are replaced or repaired within 10
to 14 days
of receipt. Warranty expenses in 1995 were approximately
0.8% of net sales.
Although the Company does not expect warranty
expenses to increase as a
percentage of net sales, there can be no
assurance that such expenses will not
increase significantly in the future
as a percentage of net sales. See "Risk
Factors -- Product Liability Risk;
Warranty Exposure."
In June 1995, the Company opened a new 146,500 square foot
distribution
facility in San Leandro, California. This facility, which
also houses the
Company's executive and administrative headquarters,
handles a majority of the
U.S. distribution of the Company's products,
with the Company's secondary
distribution center in Richmond,
California handling the excess during peak
periods. The Company's
distribution centers are highly automated. The majority
of the Company's
products are shipped by UPS and common carriers.
SUMMIT SHOPS
The Company recently developed Summit Shops, year-round
concept shops
dedicated to The North Face-Registered Trademark- products and
primarily to be
located within certain of its wholesale customers. Summit
Shops are intended to
increase sales at existing specialty retailers and
to attract new specialty
retailers by offering an attractively
designed, professionally merchandised,
dedicated selling space featuring a
broad array of The North Face-Registered
Trademark- products. The
objectives of the Summit Shops are to (i) have
dedicated year-round
selling floor space within selected specialty retailers'
stores; (ii)
help the Company's specialty retailers compete against mainstream
apparel
retailers; (iii) create a repeat customer base; (iv) modernize
the
specialty retailers' approach to merchandising The North
Face-Registered
Trademark- products; (v) provide the ability to
closely monitor retail
sell-through at specialty retailers; and (vi)
maintain a consistent product
assortment at the specialty retail
level. The Company has designed the
appearance of each Summit Shop,
including its fixtures, merchandise displays,
descriptive placards and
graphic images, to increase consumer awareness of The
North
Face-Registered Trademark- brand and image. The Company will
provide
merchandising support for the Summit Shops, while the specialty
retailer will
provide the customer service and sales personnel. The Company
will also provide
sales and product training for the specialty retailers'
personnel who work in
the Summit Shops. Each Summit Shop is expected to
follow certain operational
guidelines and maintain minimum inventory
levels.
Beginning in March 1996, EMS, a major outdoor retail chain, opened
The North
Face-Registered Trademark- concept shops, the precursors to Summit
Shops, in 14
of its stores. These concept shops carry only The
North Face-Registered
Trademark- products. Unlike Summit Shops,
however, the fixtures and
merchandising displays of the concept shops
were designed primarily by EMS. EMS
has informed the Company that, based
on the initial performance of the 14
concept shops, it intends to open
four additional shops, two of which will be
Summit Shops, by the end of
1996.
The Company expects to open its first Summit Shop in late Summer
1996 and
anticipates that approximately 25 Summit Shops, averaging
approximately 650
square feet in size, will open by the end of 1996. The
North Face intends to
substantially increase the number of Summit Shops
within its existing specialty
retailers in 1997. See "Risk Factors --
Implementation of Summit Shop Strategy."
RETAIL OPERATIONS
RETAIL STORES. The Company's retail operations are an important
component
of its marketing and product development strategies and provide
a distinctive
environment in which to merchandise and sell the
complete The North
Face-Registered Trademark- product line. Located
primarily in high-end retail
shopping districts and regional shopping
malls, these stores carry the full
range of The North Face-Registered
Trademark- outerwear, equipment, skiwear and
Tekware as well as complementary
products such as footwear and accessories from
other manufacturers. As a
result of the Company's ability to control the visual
presentation and
product assortment in its retail stores, the stores help build
brand
awareness and introduce consumers to the full range of The
North
Face-Registered Trademark- products. These stores also provide a means
for the
Company to test the appeal
36
of new products and merchandising techniques. By working closely
with store
personnel, many of whom are outdoor enthusiasts, the Company
also obtains
customer feedback that influences product design and
development.
The following table shows the approximate retail selling space at
each of
the Company's nine retail stores:
APPROXIMATE
SELLING
LOCATION
SQUARE FOOTAGE YEAR OPENED
-
---------------------------------------------- ---------------
-----------
Denver, CO....................................
8,500 1973
Boulder, CO...................................
3,400 1982
Seattle, WA...................................
4,600 1985
Oakbrook, IL..................................
3,000 1991
San Francisco, CA.............................
8,100 1991
Schaumberg, IL................................
3,400 1991
Costa Mesa, CA................................
5,500 1993(1)
Palo Alto,
CA................................. 7,800 1994(2)
Chicago,
IL................................... 12,000 1995
(1) Replaced a store in a nearby location initially opened in
1986.
(2) Replaced a store in a nearby location initially opened in
1979.
Although the Company considers its retail stores to be an important
aspect
of its business strategy, the Company currently has no plans to open
additional
retail stores, particularly given its focus on the introduction
of additional
Summit Shops in 1996 and 1997. The Company believes that
Summit Shops will
provide many of the same benefits as its Company-operated
retail stores and that
the substantially reduced operational and financial
commitments associated with
Summit Shops will result in a higher return on
investment.
OUTLET STORES. The Company also operates two outlet stores,
located in
Berkeley and San Francisco, California. The outlets serve
primarily as an
effective means to liquidate discontinued merchandise.
The Company intends to
open one additional outlet store during the next 12
months.
INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS
Sales to customers outside the United States accounted for
approximately 23%
and 30% of the Company's net sales in 1995 and the first
three months of 1996,
respectively. The Company recently implemented an
integrated world-wide approach
to product development, sourcing and
marketing in order to reduce costs, ensure
consistent worldwide operations
and create a unified global brand. By offering
the same product lines
and promoting the same extreme image in catalogs,
advertising and point
of purchase materials, the Company has positioned The
North
Face-Registered Trademark- brand in Europe consistently with the
brand
image in the United States and Canada. Outside the United States, The
North Face
products are sold to wholesale customers in Europe and
Canada through the
Company's wholly-owned subsidiaries and by a licensee in
Hong Kong and Macao. In
Japan and Korea, substantially all of the
Company's trademarks are owned by
Kabushiki Kaisha Goldwin ("Goldwin").
EUROPE. The North Face believes that it is currently well
positioned in
Europe to take advantage of the same industry trends that
are occurring in the
United States. Although the Company has operated in
Europe for more than 12
years and believes it is recognized as a leader
in the design, marketing and
distribution of highly technical outdoor
apparel and equipment, only recently
has it begun to devote additional
resources in Europe to increase sales. The
Company's European operations
are headquartered in Port Glasgow, Scotland, where
it maintains a small
factory and distribution center. The Company distributes
its products
directly to approximately 460 wholesale customers representing an
estimated
700 store fronts throughout Europe. Its primary markets are the
United
Kingdom, Germany, Italy, France, Spain, Sweden, Denmark and The
Netherlands.
Independent sales agents reporting to the Company's
sales director are
responsible for sales in each country.
37
CANADA. The Company's Canadian operations are headquartered in Toronto
and
include a distribution center and a customer and warranty service
center. Since
early 1995, the Company has sold its products in Canada
through independent
sales representatives to approximately 200 wholesale
customers representing an
estimated 240 store fronts in Canada, primarily in
British Columbia, Ontario and
Quebec. Prior to 1995, the Company's products
were sold in Canada through a
licensee. During 1995, The North Face
undertook the following initiatives in
Canada: (i) established a sales,
sales support, finance and distribution
facility in Toronto; (ii)
hired a general manager to head the Canadian
operations; (iii)
significantly expanded the available product categories; and
(iv)
integrated the marketing and sourcing efforts with those of the
U.S.
operations. The Company believes significant additional growth
opportunities
exist in the Canadian market.
ASIA. In Japan and Korea, substantially all of the Company's
trademarks are
owned by Goldwin, a leading manufacturer and distributor of
high-end sports and
outdoor apparel and equipment. The North
Face-Registered Trademark-
is the leading high-performance outdoor
brand in Japan. The North Face and
Goldwin work closely together in the
areas of product design, sourcing and brand
imaging. The Company believes
that Goldwin shares the Company's strategy of
building a unified global
brand. The Company benefits from this relationship by
selling products made
in the United States to Goldwin and by charging an
administration fee
for orders which Goldwin adds to the Company's production in
China and
Southeast Asia. In Hong Kong and Macao, the Company's products are
sold
through a licensee, Mitsui & Co., Ltd. ("Mitsui"). Management plans
to
capitalize on the Company's growing worldwide strength by exploring
sales
opportunities in other Asian and Pacific Rim countries.
SOURCING AND MANUFACTURING
The Company sources virtually all of its products through
approximately 50
unaffiliated manufacturers in North America and Asia,
including Hong Kong,
China, Taiwan, Korea, Indonesia, Thailand and the
Philippines. The Company's
European subsidiary operates a small
manufacturing factory in Port Glasgow,
Scotland which accounts for a
minor portion of the Company's total production.
The Company has
implemented a global sourcing strategy that will enable it to
achieve
greater economies of scale, improve gross margins and maintain
uniform
quality standards for its products. The Company believes that it
enjoys good
relationships with its suppliers and manufacturers and has the
ability to secure
the necessary capacity to meet increased demand for
its products. See "Risk
Factors -- Reliance on Contract Manufacturing."
To ensure that products manufactured by others are consistent
with its
standards, the Company manages all key aspects of the
production process,
including establishing product specifications,
selecting the materials to be
used to produce its products and the
suppliers of such materials, and
negotiating the prices for such
materials. The Company maintains a staff of
quality control specialists
which conducts on-site inspections throughout the
production process,
including at the mills before the fabrics are shipped, at
the factories
as the products are made and, finally, before the finished
products are
shipped.
The Company currently is engaged primarily in a two season,
wholesale
business, Spring (January to June) and Fall (July to
December). Wholesale
customers place preseason orders from two to five months
prior to the beginning
of the season for deliveries throughout the
season. Reorders are taken
throughout the season and are based on
availability. With the introduction of
the Company's new Tekware line and
Summit Shops, the Company anticipates that it
increasingly will be supplying
its products on a year-round basis. The Company
is in the process of
implementing a new core inventory replenishment program,
under which it
intends to maintain stocks of key products at all times. The
Company has
established linked production flow arrangements with its suppliers
in
which key raw material vendors and contract manufacturers will be able
to
respond quickly to the Company's production needs. As the Company
implements its
new core inventory replenishment program, reorder sales
are expected to
increase.
38
The Company's Merchandise Forecasting and Planning Department
analyzes
information which it receives from the Company's various sales arms
and develops
forecasts for the Company's products. These forecasts are
continually updated to
reflect advance orders and reorders and are turned
into production quantities.
The Company's Product Acquisition Department, in
turn, issues purchase orders to
the Company's unaffiliated manufacturers.
Unaffiliated manufacturers purchase
the materials specified by the Company
and manufacture and ship the products to
the Company. The Company's
unaffiliated manufacturers sell finished products to
the Company on an FOB
basis and are at risk for the quality and timely delivery
of the products.
Approximately 35 to 40% of the Company's total production
requirements
are financed with letters of credit; the balance is purchased under
open
terms ranging from 14 to 60 days.
MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS
The Company believes that a high level of computerization is
essential to
maintain and improve its competitive position. The
Company's management
information and electronic data processing systems
consist of a full range of
retail, financial, distribution and
merchandizing systems. The Company
anticipates spending a total of
approximately $1.5 to $2.0 million through the
end of 1997 to upgrade its
systems, with particular emphasis in sourcing, core
inventory replacement
and forecasting, and believes that once in place, the
upgraded systems,
along with routine upgrades, will be sufficient to accommodate
the
Company's anticipated growth in sales and planned expansion for
the
foreseeable future. See "Risk Factors -- Ability to Achieve and Manage
Potential
Future Growth."
'사업 진행' 카테고리의 다른 글
리쿠퍼를 띄우기 위한 전략분석 (0) | 2010.12.23 |
---|---|
무역 용어 3개 (0) | 2010.12.23 |
효과적인 제안서 작성 (0) | 2010.08.31 |
사이트 기획 (0) | 2010.03.07 |
그간 누락되었던 기록들 (0) | 2010.01.19 |